“In matters of principle, stand like a rock; in matters of style, swim with the current.” – Jefferson

Successful Big Brand managers understand the delicate balance between being timeless—that is, staying true to their brand’s central value proposition—while also being timely—that is, subtly updating over time to remain fresh and modern. Key to maintaining this balance is a knowledge of a brand’s limitations, and knowing when to say no.

Refocusing brands on their core value propositions has helped several Legacy players return to success. Starbucks was able to bring itself back from the brink by reemphasizing its central value proposition: offering a truly great coffee experience.

Prior to the recession, a memo by Howard Schultz, the company’s then-Chairman, was leaked that described how growth decisions—an increased emphasis on store merchandise and non-coffee sales, the loss of the smell of roasting coffee beans in stores, new coffee machines that blocked consumers’ interactions with their barista—had “led to the watering down of the Starbucks experience.”

Instead of looking to other marketers or industry trends, managers of successful Big Brands are those who use their core consumers to originate new innovation and product lines. Instead of fearing cannibalization, they embrace new consumer occasions that fit into their brand’s central value proposition.

Gatorade, for example, has used its core consumer target — high-performance athletes — as a continual source of insights for innovation. In developing its G Series, a new line of sports performance products, Gatorade and its scientists solicited feedback from more than 10,000 athletes and collaborated closely with high-performance professionals like Usain Bolt, Serena Williams, and Peyton Manning to develop a line of products that would support improved performance before, during, and after a workout, practice, or competition.

Similarly, Lay’s now-annual Do Us a Flavor campaign enlists thousands of consumers’ suggestions every year in order to come up with the potato chip’s next new flavor.

In 2014, the U.S. competition received more than 14 million votes from interested consumers.9 Executives have credited the campaign’s success to letting consumers take ownership through the creation of their new flavor and sharing their preferences online. “The days of focus groups—it’s over,” said Ann Mukherjee, president of PepsiCo’s global snacks group and global insights division at a recent presentation at Wharton. “It’s really about observing behavior.”

As a result of allowing consumers to directly inform its innovation, Lay’s yearly sales rose 14% after the campaign’s first deployment.10 The continuation of this campaign has actively contributed to Lay’s 12.7% absolute dollar sales growth from 2011-2014, placing it among the top performing big, established brands.

In an increasingly crowded consumer, media, and retail landscape, Big Brands must be pervasive in order to capture share of mind. In order to achieve this preemptive presence, they leverage key retailers to gain priority in distribution and display.

Nestle’s Coffee-Mate, for example, has driven brand growth by driving outsized share-of-mind during the holiday season. The brand takes care to launch its annual holiday flavors, such as Gingerbread and Pumpkin Spice, with a high level of customer support intended to capture valuable display opportunities.

By enabling an on-the-ground merchandising team to help keep the shelf tidy during the hectic holiday season, the brand is able to provide a valuable service that retail partners appreciate.

The endcaps and special holiday display sets that the brand is able to capture as a result play a large role in driving sales. This strategy, which the brand has employed for nearly a decade, has helped drive category success even in the face of movements towards plant-based milk alternatives.

Heinz, similarly, uses its strength in foodservice to help establish its positioning as America’s Favorite Ketchup. In addition to its retail business, the brand maintains a strong presence in foodservice where it uses its prowess in packaging innovation and flexibility to help test new flavors while gaining consumer share of mind.

For example, its recent spicy ketchup flavors, Sriracha and Jalapeno, were first released in foodservice in order to cater to a growing Millennial desire for hot condiments. By influencing consumers when they are inclined to try new flavors, the brand then has a greater opportunity to drive trial at retail, where these flavors were later.

In order to resist commoditization, successful Big Brands forsake degrading their product. Instead, they challenge themselves to compete on product quality with an aspirational consideration set of competitors for their consumer’s dollars.

Victoria’s Secret, for example, has maintained its primacy in the lingerie specialty retail market by continually holding itself to a set of aspirational peers. “We are concerned with niche players, like Myla, Cosabella, La Perla, and Agent Provocateur,” said Hadley Hatch, a brand strategy manager. By looking to these luxury players for trends and innovation, Victoria’s Secret can assess which niche trend is worth bringing into the mainstream market. While these High Street competitors sell at a very high premium — Victoria’s Secret’s average bra retails for approximately $30, while Agent Provocateur charges up to $1,100 — Victoria’s Secret has been able to drive impressive sales growth by using its peers’ successes and failures to drive their innovation. As a result, Victoria’s Secret sales were up 6% in the most recent fiscal year.

But considerations need not be against luxury peers in order to drive true competitiveness on quality—they just need to drive consumer preference across a broad array of products that can fulfill their consumption occasion.

As one prior marketer for Slim Jim, a leader in meat snacks, told us, “the consumer’s comparison set isn’t Jack Links – it’s snacking in convenience stores.” Products need to compete not merely with their closest brand or private label competitor but with all the products that compete for that consumer’s attention during the meal, snacking, or consumption occasion.

By striving to compete not just with products within the meat snacks category but with the broader product set available within this channel, Slim Jim has driven robust sales growth of 13.2% for the 52 weeks ending in September 2015.

No business lasts without sustained and holistic investment. In order to see Big Brands thrive in the long term, successful managers prioritize the brands they want to last even when confronting changes in market sentiment and continue to invest in marketing across multiple platforms.

While many Big Brands with mass positioning pour their funds into promotions to win short-term sales bumps, successful players continue to invest in brand-building activity for the long term.

Throughout its sixty-year history, Unilever’s Dove personal care brand has exhibited a concerted investment across a wide variety of marketing vehicles. Since 2004, its Campaign for Real Beauty has leveraged advertisements, videos, workshops, and events to provoke discussion and encourage debate around society’s definition of beauty.15 While seemingly tendentiously linked to sales of bar soap, the brand has nearly doubled in size since the campaign was inaugurated, growing to $4B in sales in 2014 from $2.5B in 2004.

Dove’s long-running Campaign for Real Beauty shows the brand’s commitment to continued support.

Similarly, P&G was able to revitalize the aging, dated Old Spice brand through thoughtful marketing and investment in brand equity. When P&G bought Old Spice, the brand’s then sixty-year-old positioning had caused sales and market share to dwindle.

But instead of optimizing the brand and selling it to the cheapest bidder, P&G invested in marketing and brand-building strategies necessary to target a new audience –Millennial women shopping for their partners. In 2010, the success of its campaign, “The Man Your Man Could Smell Like,” was a runaway success that drove a year-on-year 125% increase in sales.